Catalytic subunit delta of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, p110δ, encoded by the PIK3CD gene, was recently proposed as a target for pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia. Current antipsychotic drugs were found to decrease the mRNA expression of PIK3CD, but the mechanism of this process is not known. The aim of the study was to elucidate the mechanism by which antipsychotic drugs affect the mRNA expression of PIK3CD.
Methods
The direct effect of haloperidol, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine and amisulpride on p110δ enzymatic activity was tested with a kinase assay, and the results were referenced against data on the mRNA expression of PIK3CD.
Results
Haloperidol, clozapine, olanzapine and quetiapine, but not amisulpride, at the concentration of 20–80?μM, were found to significantly increase enzymatic activity of p110δ by up to two times in a dose-dependent manner. Linear regression analysis revealed that more than 40% of the variance in antipsychotic drugs-induced changes in the expression of PIK3CD mRNA was explained only by changes in antipsychotic drug-regulated p110δ enzymatic activity (p?=?0.011).
Conclusions
Antipsychotic drugs differentially increase the enzymatic activity of p110δ. This effect is associated with that of mRNA expression of the PIK3CD gene. Drug-enzyme interaction may explain the effect of antipsychotic drugs on the expression of PIK3CD mRNA, however, further studies are needed to investigate this hypothesis. 相似文献
Introduction: Conformational diseases are caused by structurally abnormal proteins that cannot fold properly and achieve their native conformation. Misfolded proteins frequently originate from genetic mutations that may lead to loss-of-function diseases involving a variety of structurally diverse proteins including enzymes, ion channels, and membrane receptors. Pharmacoperones are small molecules that cross the cell surface plasma membrane and reach their target proteins within the cell, serving as molecular scaffolds to stabilize the native conformation of misfolded or well-folded but destabilized proteins, to prevent their degradation and promote correct trafficking to their functional site of action. Because of their high specificity toward the target protein, pharmacoperones are currently the focus of intense investigation as therapy for several conformational diseases.
Areas covered: This review summarizes data on the mechanisms leading to protein misfolding and the use of pharmacoperone drugs as an experimental approach to rescue function of distinct misfolded/misrouted proteins associated with a variety of diseases, such as lysosomal storage diseases, channelopathies, and G protein-coupled receptor misfolding diseases.
Expert commentary: The fact that many misfolded proteins may retain function, offers a unique therapeutic opportunity to cure disease by directly correcting misrouting through administering pharmacoperone drugs thereby rescuing function of disease-causing, conformationally abnormal proteins. 相似文献
目的:大蒜作为传统的调味品,同时具有良好的药用价值,属药食两用中药。传统上,大蒜主要用于消肿、解毒、杀虫;现代研究表明,大蒜在防治肿瘤、缓解三高、降低胆固醇以及延缓衰老等方面都有良好的药理活性,受到了众多学者青睐。大蒜主要含有蒜氨酸、大蒜辣素[其不稳定,分解生成小分子硫化物,主要包括二丙烯三硫化物(DATS),二烯丙基二硫化物(DADS),二烯丙基硫化物(DAS)等,这些成分也是大蒜油的主要成分],蒜氨酸酶、大蒜挥发油、大蒜皂苷、大蒜多糖、微量元素等;其中,大蒜多糖是大蒜中一类重要的化学成分,它也是大蒜药效的物质基础之一。大蒜多糖相对分子质量在9~10 k Da,属于小分子杂多糖,水解发现其主要含有果糖、葡萄糖等,质量控制主要为检测总多糖和多糖分解后的单糖含量;大蒜中大蒜多糖的含量在70%以上;提取方法主要有回流提取法、超声提取法、酶法等。大蒜多糖具有增强免疫、抗氧化、抗病毒、保肝、保护心肌、防止心肌纤维化等多种生物活性,可开发成药品与保健品;除此之外,它还可以作为食品原辅料,用于食品生产。因此,大蒜多糖具有重要的研究价值和开发利用前景。本文就近10年对大蒜多糖的组成、提取纯化方法、含量测定、药理活性、应用等内容进行了全面归纳总结,为其深入研究开发利用提供一定的参考。 相似文献